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Some References on the Changing Nitrogen Cycle
This is far from a complete list! Citations at the ends of the articles below can lead you to much more additional information.

Townsend, A.R., L.A. Martinelli and R.W. Howarth. The Global Nitrogen Cycle, Biodiversity and Human Health. in, Biodiversity and Human Health, O. Sala and C. Parmesan, eds. To be published by Island Press in 2007.

McKenzie, V. and A.R. Townsend. Parasitic and Infectious Disease Responses to a Changing Global Nitrogen Cycle. EcoHealth, in press.

Galloway, J.N., A.R. Townsend, J.W. Erisman, S. Seitzinger, L.A. Martinelli, M. Bekunda, M. Sutton, J. Freney and Z. Cai. 2007. Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle: threats, benefits and opportunities. UNESCO-SCOPE Policy Brief, April 2007. PDF

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the WoodsHole Research Center. June 2007. A Non-Technical Review of Reactive Nitrogen in the Environment. PDF

Townsend, A.R. and E.A. Davidson. 2006. Denitrification across landscapes and waterscapes. Introduction to Special Feature in Ecological Applications 16 (6): 2055-2056.

Seitzinger, S. et al. 2006. Denitrification across landscapes and waterscapes: a synthesis. Ecological Applications,16: 2064-2090.

Martinelli, L. A., R. W. Howarth, E. Cuevas, S. Filoso, A. T. Austin, L. Donoso, V. Huszar, D. Keeney, L. L. Lara, C. Llerena, G. McIssac, E. Medina, J. Ortiz-Zayas, D. Scavia, D. W. Schindler, D. Soto, and A. Townsend. 2006. Sources of reactive nitrogen affecting ecosystems in Latin America and the Caribbean: current trends and future perspectives. Biogeochemistry 79:3-24.

Howarth, R.W. et al. 2005. Nutrient Management: Chapter 9 of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Island Press,Washington DC.

Naylor, R., Steinfeld, H., Falcon, W., Galloway, J., Smil, V.,Bradford, E., Alder, J., Mooney, H. 2005. Losing the linksbetween livestock and land. Science, 310: 1621-1622.

Ward M.H., de Kok T.M., Levallois P., Bender J., Gulis G., Nolan B.T. and VanDerslice
J. 2005. “Workgroup Report: Drinking-Water Nitrate and Health – Recent Findings
and Research Needs.” Environmental Health Perspectives: 113: 1607-1614.

Erisman, J.W. 2004. The Nanjing Declaration on Management of Reactive Nitrogen. BioScience, 54(4): 286-287.

Galloway, J. N., G. Asner, E. W. Boyer, D. G. Capone, C. Cleveland, F. J. Dentener, P. Greene, E. Holland, R. W. Howarth, D. M. Karl, A. F. Michaels, S. P. Seitzinger, A. R. Townsend, C. Vorosmarty (alphabetical after first). 2004. Global and Regional Nitrogen Cycles: Past, Present and Future. Biogeochemistry, 70 (2): 153-226. PDF

Mosier, A.R., Syers, J.K., Freney, J.R. (eds). 2004. Agriculture and the Nitrogen Cycle: Assessing the Impacts of Fertilizer Use onFood Production and the Environment. SCOPE 65. Island Press,Washington DC.

Stevens, C.J., Dise, N.B., Mountford, O., Gowing, D.J. 2004. Impact of nitrogen deposition on the species richnessof grasslands. Science, 303: 1876-1879.

Galloway, J. N. et al. 2003. The nitrogen cascade. BioScience,53: 341-356.

Townsend, A. R., R. W. Howarth , F. A. Bazzaz , M. S. Booth , C. C. Cleveland , S. K. Collinge , A. P. Dobson , P. R. Epstein, E. A. Holland , D. R. Keeney , M. A. Mallin , P. Wayne and A. Wolfe. 2003. Human health effects of a changing global nitrogen cycle. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 1(5):240-246. PDF

Cassman K.G., Dobermann A.D. and Walters D. 2002. “Agroecosystems,
nitrogen management and economics.” Ambio 31: 132-140.

Matson, P.A., Lohse, K. and Hall, S. 2002. “The globalization of nitrogen deposition:
consequences for terrestrial ecosystems.” Ambio. 31(2): 113-119.

Neff, J.C., A.R. Townsend, G. Gleixner, S.J. Lehman, J. Turnbull and W.D. Bowman. 2002. Variable effects of nitrogen additions on the stability and turnover of organic carbon. Nature, 419: 915-917. PDF

Rabalais, N.N. 2002. “Nitrogen in aquatic ecosystems.” Ambio 31:102-112.

Sanchez, P.A. 2002. Soil fertility and hunger in Africa. Science, 295:2019-2020.

Smil, V. 2001. Enriching the Earth: Fritz Haber, Carl Bosch and the Transformation of World Food Production. MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass

National Research Council. 2000. Clean Coastal Waters. National Academy Press, Washington DC.

Smil, V. 2000. Feeding the World: A Challenge for the Twenty-
first Century. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.

Townsend, A.R. (ed.) 1999. Nitrogen Cycling in the Temperate and Tropical Americas. Biogeochemistry 46(1-3) and also published as a book (Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht). PDF of Forward to Volume

Cleveland, C.C., A.R. Townsend, D.S. Schimel, H.Fisher, R.W. Howarth, L.O. Hedin, S.S. Perakis, E.F. Latty, J.C. Von Fischer, A. Elseroad and M.F. Wasson. 1999. Global patterns of terrestrial biological nitrogen (N2) fixation in natural ecosystems. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 13(2):623-645. PDF

Matson, P.A., W.H. McDowell, A.R. Townsend and P.M. Vitousek. 1999. The globalization of N deposition: ecosystem consequences. Biogeochemistry 46(1-3):67-83 PDF

Martinelli, L., M. Piccolo, A.R. Townsend, P.M. Vitousek, E. Cuevas, W. McDowell, G.P. Robertson, O.C. Santos and K. Treseder. 1999. Nitrogen stable isotopic composition: tropical vs. temperate forests. Biogeochemistry 46(1-3):45-65 PDF

Bobbink, R., Hornung, M., Roelofs, J.G.M. 1998. The effects of air-borne nitrogen pollutants on species diversity in natural and semi-natural European vegetation. Journal of Ecology, 86(5):717-738.

Matson, P.A. et al. 1998. Integration of environmental, agronomicand economic aspects of fertilizer management. Science, 280:112-115.

Vitousek, P. et al. 1997. Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle: causes and consequences. Ecological Applications, 7: 737-750.

Townsend, A.R., B.H. Braswell, E.A. Holland and J.E. Penner. 1996. Spatial and temporal patterns in terrestrial carbon storage due to deposition of anthropogenic nitrogen. Ecological Applications 6(3):806-814. PDF

Howarth, R.W., G.Billen, D. Swaney, A.R. Townsend, N. Jaworkski, K. Lajtha, J.A. Downing, R. Elmgren, N. Caraco, T. Jordan, F. Berendse, J. Freney, V. Kudeyarov, P. Murdoch and Z. Zhao-Liang. 1996. Riverine inputs of nitrogen and phosphorus to the North Atlantic Ocean: fluxes and human influences. Biogeochemistry 35(l):75-116.